纳米SiO_2/双马来酰亚胺复合材料的性能研究

Study on Nanometer SiO_2/Bismaleimide Composites

采用浇铸成型法制备了纳米SiO2 粒子填充双马来酰亚胺 (BMI BA)复合材料 ,研究了纳米SiO2 的填充量对复合材料滑动磨损性能的影响。在磨损机上测试该复合材料的摩擦和磨损性能 ,利用扫描电镜 (SEM )观察了复合材料的磨损表面和对磨环的表面形貌。结果表明 ,纳米SiO2 能够有效地提高复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能。当纳米SiO2 粒子的添加量为 0 75 % (质量含量 ,下同 )时 ,复合材料的综合力学性能最好 ;当纳米SiO2 粒子的的添加量为 1.0 %时 ,复合材料的耐磨性能最好。SEM显示复合材料主要是黏着磨损 ,能在对磨环上形成薄而连续的均匀转移膜 ,而BMI BA树脂主要发生的是疲劳磨损 ,并伴有塑性变形。

Bismaleimide composites filled with nanometer SiO 2 w ere prepared by cast molding. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composites with various content of nanometer SiO 2 were investigated. The slidi ng wear behavior of the composites against AISI-1045 steel ring was studied on an M-200 friction and wear tester. The morphologies of the worn surfaces of the composite and the steel ring were observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that nanometer SiO 2 filled composite exhibited considerably higher m echanical and tribological properties than the neat bismaleimide. The lowest wea r rate was obtained with the composite containing 1.0 wt.% SiO 2, while the best mechanical properties was obtained with the composite containing 0.75 wt .% SiO 2. The SEM pictures of the worn composite surface indicate that the we ar mechanism of the composite was mainly adhesion wear due to the generation of a thin,uniform and tenacious transfer film on the carbon steel ring surface, wh ile that of neat BMI-BA was mainly plastic deformation accompanied by fatigue c rackings.