长江河口生态系统鱼类浮游生物生态学研究进展

PROGRESS OF STUDIES ON ICHTHYOPLANKTON ECOLOGY OF CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY

鱼类浮游生物群落结构的时空分布和动态变化与其所处水域的环境因子有密切的关系 ,它的变动受环境因子的变化和时空异质性的制约 ,而其鱼类浮游生物群落结构的变动最具代表性。研究证明 ,鱼类浮游生物群落结构对鱼类资源的补充 ,延续和维持生态平衡具有重要的意义 ,但尚无系统报道。本文就长江口鱼类浮游生物群落的研究做了阐述。三峡工程建设之后 ,通过改变长江径流来改变长江口水域的温度、盐度及其他非生物因子 ,同时由于非生物因子的变化 ,也引起生物因子的改变 ,从而使鱼类浮游生物优势种的组成和群落结构的生态性质发生了一定的变化 ,可以影响到长江口鱼类资源的补充 ,进一步改变长江口水域生态系统的平衡。

The temporal-spatial distribution and dynamics of ichthyoplankton community structure are closely related to the environmental factors of the water areas it inhabits, and its changes are controlled the changes and heterogeneity of the environmental factors. After the construction of the Three-Gorges Projects, temperature ,salinity and other abiotic factors were changed due to the change of the Changjiang runoff. The changes in abiotic factors can cause changes in biotic factors, therefore the ichthyoplankton of the Changjiang estuary has undergone changes in the composition of dominant species and the ecological character of community structure, which influences the recruit of fishery resources in the Changjiang estuary, even the ecosystem balance of Changjiang estuary waters.