审美的归根——老子审美思想今释

Back to the Root of Aesthetics--A Brief Discussion on Laozi's Aesthetic Thought

“恍惚”、“自然”、“玄览”体现了老子的审美思想旨趣。“恍惚”是“道”的本体状态 ,朦胧不定的深层生命律动是美所由自的源泉。老子有关“道”之“恍惚”描述 ,正合乎人类审美体验的特征。老子所谓“自然”可从以下两个层面加以认识 :在形上层面 ,老子的“自然”指一种不见斧凿痕、未经人为操作的“无为”、“朴”的理想状态。在形下层面 ,老子的“自然”是“道”的运行之迹 ,偏重阴柔指向的自然体认。老子的“玄览”乃是效法“自然”的内指心态 ,是一种柔顺、无欲、无疵、无知的心态。“玄览”之心不是从当代心理学的意义上与审美相通 。

This thesis focuses on the interpretation of Laozi's aesthetic thought, such as 'vagueness' and 'baby- mind'. The 'vagueness' of Tao reveals the features of human aesthetic experience. 'Nature' is a Chinese ancient ideal, it always leads to the aesthetic thoght of freedom and meekness. Because of the baby-mind can not tell right from wrong, truth from falsehood, merits from demerits, Laozi advocated that we should learn from the baby-mind. This thought leads us to baby-worship in aesthetic experience.