民族认知结构研究的心理学取向

The Psychological Orientation of the Study on the Ethnic Cognitive Structure

民族认知是民族心理学研究中的主要内容之一 ,人类依靠认知来认识客观世界 ,依靠认知有选择地收集周围世界的信息 ,对客观世界中的各种刺激做出不同反应。具有不同社会生活条件和不同经验、生活在不同社会文化或民族群体中的人 ,其认知必定受其生活环境和生活经验的制约 ,从而表现出独特的认知特点。研究民族的认知特点可以从民族认知框架、认知选择性及认知方式等心理维度入手。本文试图运用心理学的原理 ,对民族认知结构进行跨文化的诠释 ,研究各民族在认知及其结构方面的特点 ,探讨导致这些特点差异的文化因素、民族因素及历史因素等。

The ethnic cognition is a big subject of the ethnic psychology. People need the cognition to understand the objective world, to collect selectively the information around them, and to respond to the stimulus from the environments. The people in different cultures or groups have different living conditions and experience. So they must show their different cognitive characters limited by the living conditions and experience. The dimensionalities of the ethnic cognition can be the ethnic cognitive framework, the selectiveness of the cognition and the cognitive mode. This paper uses the method of the psychology to understand the ethnic cognitive structure through the multicultural view. The paper studies the cognitive characters and structures of the different ethnic groups and explains related cultural, ethnic and historical background.