二十世纪八十年代以来国内旅游影响研究进展及述评

Domestic Study Development and Review of Tourism Impact Since 1980s

旅游业的发展给国家或地区带来诸多方面的影响,包括经济、社会文化、环境等方面。旅游可以增加就业机会、改善收支平衡、赚取外汇,但同时也会产生瓶颈效应等不利于经济发展的负面影响;旅游还会对社会价值观念、道德观念、居民生活方式、民族传统文化等带来一定影响。此外,旅游对自然环境和动植物资源如对土壤、地下水、空气、植被等形成一定影响。文章对二十世纪八十年代以来国内学者有关旅游对经济、社会文化、环境等方面影响的研究成果进行了总结与评述,并在此基础上,对国内旅游影响研究的发展趋势作了展望。

The development of tourism has brought great impact on countries and areas.It includes impacts on economy,social culture,environment etc.Tourism can make more job opportunities,improve income-output balance,earn more foreign exchange,but at the same time it will bright about some negative impacts that barrier the development of the economy;tourism also impacts social value concept,moral concept,resident living style,national tradition culture etc.Besides,tourism can impact nature environment,such as impact on soil,ground water,air, vegetation,etc.The article review and summarize the domestic scholars' study fruits on the tourism impact on economy,social culture,environment etc.what's more,on the base of that,it make a prospect on the developing trend of the domestic research on tourism impact.