海域与陆域分界的探讨

Discussion on demarcation line between sea and land

海陆交接共同作用的地带称为海岸带,河口是河道的组成部分,穿越海岸带;海滩(海滨)是海岸带的组成部分。从河口和海滩的自然地理特征、地质历史时期的形成发育过程以及其资源功能、开发利用与海、陆的联系上,引用国内外科技文献的论述进行分析,阐明河口水域和海滩虽与陆和海均有联系,但主要从属于陆域,不是海域。建议按全国海岸带综合调查的量算规定,以海图零米线为界,线外为海域,线内为海滩,从属于陆域。并建议由国家发改委及国土资源主管部门牵头,会同有关行业的行政主管部门进行统一协调管理。

The area,overlapped and commonly acted by sea and land,is called coastal area. Estuary,a component part of river,runs through coastal area; shore (beach) is a component of coastal area. The paper presents the natural geographic features and the formation and growing process in geologic historic periods of the estuary and beach,as well as the connection of their resources function,development and utilization with sea and land with the help in the description in the relevant scientific and technical references at home and abroad. It indicates that water area in estuary and shore area,being mainly subordinate to land,should not be considered as sea, although they keep in touch with both land and sea. The paper recommends that zero meter line(datum line)in sea chart is looked upon as a demarcation line, outside of which is regarded as sea, where inside as beach, in accordance with the stipulation for the comprehensive investigation of national coastal area. Also, the paper suggests that, led by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of National Land Resources, the unified management should be carried out by the relevant administration departments.