章学诚史传论三题

Three Topics on ZHANG Xue-cheng's View of Historic Biographies

章学诚通过对"列女传"内涵的阐释,扩大了女性立传的范围,这是章学诚在封建道德范围内的对妇女人格日趋单一化的反拨。章学诚不仅唯"史意"是求,而且留心"史例",提倡建立《帝王传》与《史官传》:前者出于其对"本纪"的独特见解,《帝王传》的创立有利于解决《本纪》一身双任带来的尴尬;后者不仅是出于一种史家类群自我存在的认识,更表现为一种史学学术史意识。

Through the discussion of the connotation of 'biographies of eminent women',Zhang Xuecheng enlarged the scope of biographies for women,which set right the tendency that the personalities of women were increasingly simplified in the frame of feudal morality. Zhang Xuecheng not only sought'the aim of history',but heeded 'the stylistic rules of history'. He advocated writing Biographies of Emperors and Biographies of Historiographers:the former, based on his unique insight into Ben-ji, was very useful in saving Ben-ji out of the embarrassment of acting two roles at the same time; the latter, not only represented the historians' self-consciousness of their own existence,but also displayed a sense of academic history of historiography.