中国地理科学的国家需求与发展战略

National Demands for and Development Strategies of Chinese Geography

中国未来的产业优化与升级、农业发展、高技术产业发展、国际贸易、城市化、人口健康、资源综合利用和社会可持续发展、能源结构优化、环境改善、国家安全都需要地理学做出贡献。为此,中国地理学要以国家需求为导向,解决国家发展中的重大地理学问题;要加强基础研究,在若干主攻方向上占领国际学术前沿阵地;要充分发挥我国的地理优势,发展具有中国特色的地理科学;要整合和提升已有基础,造就优秀地理学家群体;要建立地理研究的高新技术体系,建成世界一流的地理研究和实验基地;产出具有世界影响的地理科学成果。未来中国地理学的战略重点是:以综合的观点和学科交叉的方式研究地球表层系统的演变及其动态机制,创新理论体系;在方法上发扬地理学综合方法和区域研究方法,开拓格局与过程耦合的技术路线,发展地球信息科学与“数字地球”,发展地理实验;组织科技攻关:加强第一手数据的获取;要在国土整治研究、区域可持续发展研究、全球变化及其区域响应研究、地理信息应用研究等应用方向与技术上取得突破。为了发展中国地理科学,需要在政策与社会、投入、教育、组织等方面提供保障。

In the near future, industrial optimization and promotion, agricultural development, the development of high-tech industry, international trade, urbanization, population health, the integrated utilization of natural resources and social sustainable development, the optimization of energy structure, environmental improvement and national security in China all demand geography to contribute much more. So Chinese geography should orientate the national demands for solving the important geographical issues in national development. It should strengthen basic research and occupy the front position of international academia in some main key aspects. The geographical advantages of China should be fully brought into play and the geographical science with Chinese features should be developed. The present bases should be integrated and enhanced. The strategic emphases of Chinese geography are as follows: to research the evolution and dynamics mechanism of the earth surface system by means of synthetic view and disciplinary cross; to innovate theoretical system; to develop integrated and regional methodology of geography, to exploit the research way of coupling patterns and processes, to develop geomatics and digital earth, to promote geographic experiment; to organize cooperation projects of science and technology; to strengthen the obtainment of the firsthand data; and to make breakthroughs in such applications and technological researches as territorial management, regional sustainable development, global change and its regional responses, geographical information application, etc.