济南泉域地下水环境演化与保护

Groundwater environment evolution and its conservationin Jinan spring catchment

济南泉水为国内外水文地质界和社会所关注,保持泉水长期连续喷涌和泉域水环境良性循环是焦点之一。本文根据实际调查成果,分析了泉域岩溶地下水环境的演化特征,认为自然和人为双重作用导致了泉域地下水补给、迳流、排泄和水化学条件的改变,引发了泉水断流、地下水降落漏斗、地表水体污染和地下水质量下降等生态环境地质问题。优化泉域内外地下水开采布局、人工调蓄补源、控制城区向直接补给区扩展等是保持泉水喷涌和保护水环境的主要措施。

Jinan springs have aroused general concern, with the focus of perennial gushing and virtuous circle of water environment in the spring catchment. Based on the investigation achievements, groundwater environment evolution characters raised by natural and man-made factors have been analyzed in this paper. It is believed that eco-environmental issues, such as spring drying up, depression cone of groundwater, surface water contamination and groundwater quality decreasing, are caused by the changes of groundwater recharge, runoff, discharge and water chemistry condition. Furthermore, countermeasures and suggestions for water environment protection have been put forward, including exploitation layout optimizing, artificial reinjection, and to control Jinan urban area extending to the direct recharge district etc.