仔猪小肠肌间神经丛NDP阳性神经元形态的定量研究

The Morphological Features of NADPH-diaphorase Positive Myenteric Neurons of the Postnatal Piglets Small Intestine

采用小肠铺片NADPH黄递酶组化染色和细胞影像分析的方法对0、5、28日龄的仔猪小肠肌间神经丛神经元群体的形态参数进行定量测定。结果表明:随日龄增长,小肠肌间神经元胞体面积增大,出生后的头几天尤为明显。NDP阳性肌间神经元胞核面积平均值与胞体面积平均值呈正相关。胞体面积平均值在0日龄为234.98±23.48μm2,5日龄为346.30±33.07μm2,28日龄为364.17μm2;胞核面积平均值在0日龄为69.85±6.27μm2,5日龄为88.25±2.39μm2,28日龄为84.15μm2。核质比随日龄呈下降趋势,核质比在0日龄为0.298±0.003,5日龄为0.257±0.027,28日龄为0.231。上述测量值不仅表现出日龄差异,而且在同一日龄小肠的前后段亦有所不同。NDP阳性神经元胞体和胞核大小都以十二指肠最大,空肠前段次之,回肠最小。0日龄仔猪神经元胞体面积分布在100～300μm2之间的占70.79%,5日龄和28日龄胞体面积分布在100～400μm2之间的分别占64.81%和63.22%。肌间神经丛NDP阳性神经元主要为Dogiel 型神经元。

The development of the population of myenteric neurons was studied quantitatively in the postnatal piglets from 0 to 28 days by the NADPH-diaphorase histochemical method and video analysis of cells on the whole-mount preparations of the small intestine. The size of the myenteric neurons enlarged as the piglets grew. The enlargement was most prominent in the first few postnatal days. The mean somatic size and the mean nuclear size had a positive relationship. The mean somatic size of the NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the neonatal piglets was 234.98±23.48 μm^2 with a mean nuclear size of 69.85±(6.27 μm^2); the mean somatic size in the 5-day-old piglets was 346.30±33.07 μm^2 with a mean nuclear size of 88.25±2.39 μm^2; the mean somatic size in the 28-day-old piglets was 364.17 μm^2 with a mean nuclear size of 84.15 μm^2. The mean ratio between nuclear and somatic sizes decreased with growing. The mean ratio was 0.298±0.003 in the neonatal piglets, 0.257±0.027 in the 5-day-old piglets, and 0.231 in the 28-day-old piglets. The values not only showed differences as the piglets grew, but also showed differences between the proximal and distal parts of the small intestine. There was an apparent proximodistal gradient of the size of both the somatic and nuclear of the neurons from duodenum to ileum. The neurons of the somatic size between 100 and 300 μm^2 were 70.79% in the neonatal piglets, 64.81% and 63.22% were neurons of somatic size between 100 and 400 μm^2 in the 5-day-old piglets and 28-day-old piglets respectively. Most neurons of NADPH-diaphorase positive were Dogiel type I morphology.