耕地资源管理信息系统的建立及应用——以永济市为例

ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION OF FARMLAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM——A CASE STUDY OF YONGJI CITY

以山西省永济市为例 ,运用GIS技术建立了耕地资源管理信息系统。该系统采用MapGis管理空间数据库和属性数据库 ,FoxPro管理数据录入、应用模型分析与统计数据库 ;叠加土地利用现状图、基本农田保护区规划图和土壤图 ,形成 6 782个图斑 ,组成空间数据库的基本管理与评价单元 ,使得每个评价单元上土地利用方式一致、土壤类型一致。采用VisualC ++语言开发了层次分析、模糊综合评价等应用模型。针对永济市的实际情况 ,经过专家组研究从 6 4个耕地地力调查与质量评价指标中筛选出 15项指标进行评价。对 6 782个评价单元中的每一个评价单元 ,用 15项耕地质量评价指标计算其综合评价指数 ,并以该指数作为耕地质量评价依据。评价结果反映出该市耕地中低产田面积大、施肥结构不合理、忽视盐碱地改造和垆土地改良利用等一系列问题 ,并针对耕地的不同等级所存在的障碍因素提出了相应的建议。该系统可掌握全市耕地地力及质量状况 ,为耕地地力建设与土壤改良利用提供了依据。

The farmland resource management information system of Yongji City in Shanxi Province was established based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The system manages spatial database and attributive database with MapGis,and data input,application model analysis and statistics database with FoxPro,and overlays the current landuse map with the basic farmland protection map and the soil map,forming 6 782 patches,which are used as the basic management and evaluation cells of the spatial database,thus conforming land and soil type in every evaluation cell.The model of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive appraisement were developed with Visual C++ language.Aimed at the actual conditions of Yongji City,it was decided through discussion among the expert group that 15 indexes were chosen out of 64 indexes for investigation of farmland productivity and evaluation of land quality.The 15 indexes were used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of each cell,which can be used as a basis for evaluation of farmland quality.The results of the evaluation show that the city is facing a series of problems, with its farmland,such as unreasonable fertilization structure,increasing acreage of low-and moderate-yield farmlands,neglected salt-affected soil and Lutu soil.On such a basis,countermeasures were put forth with the aid of the system,it is easy for the city to gain full knowledge of productivity and quality of its farmlands and lay down a solid basis for building up soil fertility and soil amelioration.