云雾山自然保护区不同植物群落土壤酶活性特征研究

Characteristics of Soil Enzymatic Activities in Enclosed Area of Yunwu Mountain

就云雾山草原自然保护区4种土壤的不同土层、植物群落和利用方式下土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、中性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、中性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性在土壤发生层次上的变化是随着土壤深度的增加而降低;在封禁条件下各种酶活性均表现为表层0—20cm大于表下层20—40cm,表层0—20cm脲酶、蔗糖酶中性磷酸酶活性表现长芒草+大针茅>铁杆蒿>长芒草>百里香,过氧化氢酶活性大小为铁杆蒿>长芒草+大针茅>长芒草>百里香。长芒草群落2种土地利用方式下,脲酶活性为开垦地>封禁地,中性磷酸酶则表现为封禁地>开垦地,蔗糖酶与过氧化氢酶差别不大。铁杆蒿群落放牧地的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶含量均高于封禁和开垦的同土层土壤,封禁的脲酶和蔗糖酶次之,开垦地的脲酶和蔗糖酶最小,开垦地的中性磷酸酶高于封禁地。在保护区内,无明显的土壤侵蚀发生,开垦地与封禁地在酶活性整体上差异不明显,说明合理的土壤利用方式对防止土壤退化是十分关键的。

The activities of soil urease, sucrase, neutral phosphatase and catalase in different soil layers, vegetation community and land use in the Yunwu Mountain area are studied. The result shows that: the activities of soil sucrase, urease, neutral phosphatase and catalase are all higher in the upper layer of the profile and decrease with the depth. Under the enclosed condition, four different enzymatic activities in surface layer soil(0—20cm) is greater than sub-layer(20—40cm). The activities of soil urease, sucrase, neutral phosphatase are Stipa gradiss.+Stipa bungana Community >Artemisia sacrorum community> Stipa bungana community > Thymus mongolicus community in the surface layer(0-20cm). The activity of soil catalase is Artemisia sacrorum community> Stipa gradiss. + Stipa bungana Community > Stipa bungana community > Thymus mongolicus community. Under the two different land use of Stipa bungana community, the activity of soil urease shows that the farmland is greater than enclosed land, but the activity of soil sucrase is enclosed land greater than farmland. There is no obviously soil erosion and no the enzymatic activity difference between the farmland and the enclosed land in the study area. So it also shows the correct land use can prohibit the soil degradation.