鼠疫免疫血清制备及抗体效价稳定性的研究

The Study of Preparation of Antiplague Serum and Stability of Antibody Titers

目的 探讨鼠疫弱毒菌株免疫家兔制备高效价抗鼠疫免疫血清的方法 ,及免疫血清冷冻保存时间对其效价的影响。方法 (1)用鼠疫弱毒菌株 3 7℃ 48h培养物制成 10亿 /ml菌悬液 ,以不同的免疫途径分别接种被试动物 4～6次 ,放血分离血清。 (2 )分别测定冷冻保存 1、3、6、12、18个月的抗血清菌凝效价 ,判断其效价稳定性。结果 (1)静脉全程免疫获得的免疫血清菌凝效价 ,明显高于多途径免疫获得的免疫血清 ,平均高 2个滴度。 (2 )免疫血清的效价随着保存时间的延长而有所下降。但 1年内下降不超过 2个滴度。结论 鼠疫弱毒菌株的静脉全程免疫可获得高效价的免疫血清 ,鼠疫免疫血清保存 1年菌凝效价相对稳定。

Objective Looking for the methods to produce high titer antiplague serum through immunizing rabbits with weak virulence plague strains,and the affection on the titers of freezing immune serum after different conserved time. Methods (1) One group of rebbits is immunized through multi route including subcutaneous,intramuscular and intravenous injections, another group is immunized only with intravenous route. All rabbits were vaccinated 4 6 times with 1×10 10 /ml supension which were made of weak virulence Y.pestis after 48 h culture in 37 ℃. (2) The titers of freezing conserved antiserum was tested with bacterial agglutination method to determine the stability of antibody. Results (1) The antiserum of rabbits immunized with only intravenous route show higher bacterioagglutinotiters than the antiserum of rabbits immunized with multi injection routes. (2) The titers of antiserum are dropping with the conserved time extending. But the titers dropped no more than 2 titers after 1 year. Conclusion High titer immune serum is available from rabbits immunized with weak virulence plague strains through intravenous route. The baterioagglutinotiters of antiplague serum are stable relatively in one year.