桂林漓江沿岸植物区系特点及其与景观的关系

The floristic features and the relationship between the plant community and the landscape on the bank of Li River

桂林漓江沿岸原生植被受破坏严重 ,植物区系为次生性质 ,其特点 :( 1 )种类丰富 ,共有野生维管束植物 80 8种 ,隶属于 1 5 6科、483属 ;( 2 )植物区系的地理成份复杂 ,可将 45 4个种子植物属归为 1 4个类型 ,以热带、亚热带类型为主 ,温带类型次之 ,中国特有属 6个 ;( 3 )植物区系岩溶特性明显 ,属于东亚植物区、中国—日本森林植物亚区、岭南山地地区的一个小区。植物景观是桂林漓江沿岸风景的重要组成部分 ,具体表现在各类植物群落的外貌和一些重要植物种类的花、果和叶色的季节性变化上。现存的主要植物群落以次生藤刺灌丛为主 ;少见尚存的喀斯特常绿、落叶阔叶混交林 ;独有的喀斯特硬叶常绿阔叶林 :以乌冈栎为建群种的山顶矮林 ,是我国东部湿润亚热带地区罕见的残遗植被类型 ,在构成景观和科研上均有特殊意义。沿河岸分布的植物是最吸引游人注意的重要景观 ,形状各异的灌丛、杂木林。

The Li River in Guilin is famous for its beauty of Karst physiognomy. However,the original vegetation along the Li River was seriously destroyed. The nature of the flora is hypo-living,with features:(1)Rich in species,the flora includes 808 species of wild vascular plants which belong to 156 families and 454 genus;(2)It is a limestone flora with complex geographical elements,the 454 genera of seed plants are divided into 14 types;(3)Influenced by the Karst topography,the limestone species are distinct. The flora should belong to Eastern Asian kindom,Sino-Japan forest subkingdom,and Ling Nan Mountain region according to Prof. Wu Chen Yih.Plants are very important parts of the landscape of the Li River:the appearance of plant flock,flowers,fruits and the colour chang with the seasons. The hypo-living vine-splinter shrubs form the majority of the present plant flocks;Karst ever green-defoliae broad mixed forest can be seen in some hills. It is worth noting that the special Karst tough leaf ever green broad forest which is the short forest in the top of hills with Quercus phillyraeoie is edificator. It is one of the rare remnants vegetation types in the moist subtropical area of eastern China. It has very special significance in landscape and science. The plants which grow along the bank attract attention exceptionally,Pterocarya stenoptera forest and Bamboo forest are very common,grassland,ancient trees and farmland are important parts of the landscape of the Li River.