黑龙江勤得利湾底栖动物种群的结构特征

Community composition of zoobenthos in Qindeli Reservoir of Heilongjiang River

2003年5-9月对黑龙江勤得利湾底栖动物进行调查,结果表明,勤得利湾底栖动物共计5科13种(属),其中寡毛类1科3种(属),红羽摇蚊(Ch.gr.plumosus)幼虫是主要优势种群;勤得利湾底栖动物数量为454.3 ind／m2,生物量为4.452 0 g／m2,二者季节变动明显,秋季最高,分别为626.8 ind／m2和9.185 0 g／m2;生物多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数均偏低。同时探讨了作为鲟鱼类放养场的底栖动物资源合理利用问题。

The experiment was conducted from May to September 2003 in Qindeli Reservoir of Heilongjiang River. The results show that there are 13 species or genera of benthos belonging to 5 families in the reservoir, the majorities of which are Tubifex sp. ,larvae Ch.gr. plumosus and Pelopia sp., Limnodrilus hof fmeistei and three species or generas of Oligochaeta belonging to one family. Ch.gr. plumosus larvae and Pelopia sp.exist all around the year, dominating the benthos communities,although there are some differences in the three seasons.The main species are Tubifex sp.,larvae of Pelopia sp. and Limnodrilus hof fmeisteri in spring, while larvae of Pelopia sp. and Ch. gr. plumosus dominate the communities in summer,and the dominant species are Pelopia sp. and Ch.gr. plumosus in autumn. The indexes of biodiversity( H' ) , eveness( E) and abundance( dma) are all relatively low, which are 0.261 3,0.2560 and 2.4725 respectively, with few difference in horizon. As the main diet of sturgeon, Tendipes larvae and Oligochaeta,26 685.3 kg per year in total,can be calculated into potential fish product of 4 536. 1 kg. Therefore,some fish sharing the similar diet to sturgeon should not be stocked,such as carp,crucian carp and bream etc. but planktivorous fish is welcome.