胸腰段后髓动脉的起源及其临床意义

Origin of Posterior Medullary Arteries on Thoracic and Lumbar Parts

目的:为选择性脊髓血管造影和椎管内显微外科提供解剖学资料。方法:采用尸体标本30例,于节段性动脉内逐一注入红色乳胶,在完整脊髓上解剖观察。结果:每例脊髓胸腰段的后髓动脉数目5～13支,平均8.4支。后髓动脉起始情况分3型10亚型,其中后髓动脉与前髓动脉由同一肋间后动脉发出仅34支(13.5％)。胸下部及腰部后髓动脉呈典型“发卡”样折曲。后髓动脉平均外径0.37±0.12mm。约1/3标本在T_(11)～L_3间有1支后髓动脉较粗(>0.5mm),它是脊髓后下部血供的主要来源。结论:多数后髓动脉单独起始,较大的后髓动脉应引起注意。

Objective :To provide anatomical data for selective angiography of spinal cord and microsurgery in vertebrae canal. Methods : The materials were from 30 human cardavers with arterial injections of red natural latex.Anatomical observation was made on intact spinal cord. Results: Individually the number of posterior medullary arteries ranged from 5 to 13, averaging 8.4. The origin of posterior medullary arteries may be divided into 3 types 10 subtypes. Only 34(13.5%) posterior medullary arteries with anterior medullary arteries branch from the same intercostal arteries . In lower thoracic and lumbar regions posterior medullary arteries present typical 'hair - pin' curve.The outside diameters of posterior medullary arteries average 0.369 ± 0. 122mm(0. 18 - 0.96mm) . In about one third (11/30) of the carses the posterior medullary arteries at T11 to L3 appeared larger than others ( > 0.5mm) .It was the main supply sources of the posterior lower spinal cord. Conclusions : The posterior medullary arteries arise mostly alone. We should give attention to the great posterior medullary artery .