摘要
宋明时期的书院教育对社会文化产生过一定的推动作用,后期的书院教育则流于空虚无用之痼疾。明清之际的的启蒙思想家颜元,基于反理学的实学立场,彻底转换了宋明书院的教育理念,确立了内圣外王的豪杰理念,对传统的书院教育进行改革。颜元致力于豪杰人才的培养,讲求事物之学,提倡习行和主动。其书院教育蕴含着丰富的启蒙思想,对后世教育有着极大的借鉴意义。
College education in the Song and Ming Dynasties engendered a promotion toward the social civilization. However, the upper college education fell into a chronic disease of inanity and voidness. As an illuminative thinker in the intersection of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yanyuan stood by real learning and against Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming dynasties. He completely transformed the education conceptions prevailing in the Song-Ming Colleges, determined a heroic idea about emperorship and kingdom, and launched a reformation towards the traditional schooling methods held in colleges. Yanyuan committed himself to the training of people with outstanding talents. He attached great importance to real learning, practices and initiative. His college education contains affluent illuminative thought and has huge significance of reference for the generations to come.
