铁路旅客列车蟑螂灭效维持对策研究

Study on Strategy for the Maintenance of Cockroach Control at Railway Passenger Train

目的 探讨铁路旅客列车蟑螂灭效维持对策。方法 采用建立信息网络、加强监测、重点杀灭等综合措施。结果 客车上的蟑螂1994年德国小蠊占96.66％,美洲大蠊占3.34％,1998年100％为德国小蠊。客车投放毒饵盒三次往返后,毒饵盒的平均丢失率和剩余毒饵盒料的平均潮湿率分别为66.1％和76.0％,剩余有效毒饵盒仅占投放数的8.1％。1999年空调车试验组和对照组蟑螂平均密度指数分别为0.042只/节和0.036只/节,非空调车均为0;客车蟑螂达标率试验组和对照组均为100％。同时试验组节省了人力和财力。结论 综合防制的灭效维持对策能有效地控制旅客列车上蟑螂孳生繁殖,产生一定的社会经济效益。

Objective To explore the strategy for the maintenance of cockroach control at railway passenger train. Methods The integrated procedures included principal environmental improvement together with setting up information network, intensifying survey,and focusing on the key places. Results Of the captive cockroaches from the railway passenger trains in 1994,96. 66% was German cockroach,3. 34% Periplaneta americana,however 100% German cockroach in 1999. The percentage of lost bait boxes and wet bait in the residual bait boxes were 66. 1% and 76. 0% respectively after three times the train in which the bait boxes were put ran there and back,and only 8. 1% of all bait boses remained effective. The average cockroach density of testing air-conditioned trains is 0. 042 per car in comparison with 0. 036 per car of the contrast in 1999,the same 0 per car in non air-conditioned trains. The same 100% of trains up to par in test and contrast obtained. At the same time the amount of insecticide decreased and the fund was saved. Conclusion Promising efficiency on the maintenance of cockroach control was gained at railway passenger train,some social and economic benefits were obtained.