人工流产术对患者心理健康的影响及其防护

Effect of induced abortion on pregnant woman’s mental health and its prevention

目的 :研究人工流产术患者的心理健康状况及咨询的作用 .方法 :采用症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )及自编问卷等测评了门诊人工流产患者 10 0例 ,分为对照组和咨询组 ,每组 5 0人 ,且两组中已婚和未婚各 2 5人 .咨询组在术前、术中给以咨询、心理安慰 .结果 :①与中国正常人SCL 90常模比较 ,人工流产患者躯体化、恐怖、抑郁因子分明显高于常模 (P <0 .0 1) ,焦虑因子分也高于常模 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;②除躯体化因子外 ,其他因子未婚人工流产者均明显高于已婚流产者 ,具有显著统计学差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;③自编问卷调查显示 ,对照组人工流产心理创伤较重 ,精神压力较大 ,明显高于咨询组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;④咨询组已婚者较未婚者疼痛程度明显减轻 (P <0 .0 5 ),其中未婚者家人的指责是导致其严重心理创伤的重要原因之一 .结论 :切实做好人工流产者的术前、术后咨询安慰工作 ,尤其是减轻未婚怀孕者心理压力问题 ,可以有效地减轻患者的痛苦 ,预防术后不良心理反应及心理健康问题 .

AIM: To study the mental health condition of pregnant women after induced abortion and the effect of consultation. METHODS: In this study, 100 pregnant women were tested by SCL-90 and a self-made questionnaire. The subjects were divided into two groups: the control group and the consulting group. Each group had 50 women, 25 married and 25 unmarried. The consulting group received consultation and consolation before and after operation. RESULTS: ① Compared with those of SCL-90 norm of the normal Chinese people, the scores of Somatization, Phobic, and Depression of induced abortion patients were significantly higher (P<0.01). Anxiety score was also higher (P<0.05). ② All the scores of unmarried women were higher than those of married woman (P<0.05), except the Somatization score. ③ The result of the self-made questionnaire showed that the control group had more mental hurt and stress, significantly higher than those of the consulting group (P<0.05). ④ The married women had less pain than unmarried women in consulting group (P< 0.05) . The most important reason was the reproach from the latter’s family. CONCLUSION: Consultation and consolation before and after operation can effectively relieve both the physical and psychological pain in induced abortion patients, especially those unmarried women.