对断层开启机制的再认识

Re -under-standing of fault unsealing mechanism.

综述了断层开启机制的研究现状。结合地壳中的流体作用,从微裂隙-裂缝-断层的动态发育过程,对地震泵作用的微观机理进行了理论探讨,认为流体直接参与了断层、地震的孕育和发生过程,断层从其孕育到宏观破裂的整个过程中都是流体运移的指向区,断层开启与否不完全受断层活动及其强度控制。对断裂带中各种充填物进行微细结构及分层测年研究,可以精确确定史前断层开启的时间和期次,恢复断层的开启历史。

The present situation of fault unsealing research is summarized. Combined with the effect of fluid in the earth crust, the microscopic mechanism of seismic pumping was discussed on the dynamic developing processes from microcrack to fracture and then to fault. It is considered that fluid has directly participated in the pregnant and developing processes of fault and seismic, fault is the orientation of fluid migration through the whole processes from pregnant to macrofracture, and whether fault unsealing or not is not entirely controlled by the fault activity and its intension. Research on the microstructure and layering timing of the various fillings in the fault zone can exactly determine the unsealing timing and period -times of prehistoric fault , and resume the unsealing history of fault.