咸海卡拉白鱼对盐碱耐受性研究

Studies on Tolerance of Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis to Salinity and Alkalinity

对咸海卡拉白幼鱼进行了NaCl和NaHCO3急性和亚慢性试验。试验结果表明:24,48,96h的半致死浓度(LD50):NaCl质量浓度分别为22 61,21 66,21 24g L,碱度分别为137 55,129 02,112 23mmol L。鱼对pH耐受性范围(7d内):4 5～10 1。亚慢性试验表明:NaCl质量浓度<5g L对鱼生长无影响;NaCl质量浓度为8g L使鱼生长受抑制;NaCl质量浓度为11g L鱼存活率93%。NaHCO3碱度为0 5g L(6 47mmol L)和1g L(10 64mmol L)处理组与对照组(1 47mmol L)相比,鱼增重5 5%和7 5%;碱度为2g L(23 65mmol L)对鱼生长无影响;碱度为3g L(32 20mmol L)鱼生长受到抑制,60d死亡率5%;碱度为4g L(44 98mmol L)处理组在12d鱼死亡率100%。在盐碱双因子试验中,卡拉白幼鱼在NaCl5g L、碱度23 65mmol L(pH9 2)的水体生长良好,适宜在半咸水中生存。

Tolerance of juvenile Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralence to NaCl and alkalinity was studied. Through the experiment of acute toxicity, the 24, 48and 96 hour medium lethal concentration (LD_(50)) values were obtained, which are 22.61, 21.66 and 21.24 g/L for NaCl,and 137.55,129.02 and (112.23 mmol/L) for alkalinity. In the experiment based on the medium concentrations of NaCl 0, 3, 5, 8, 11, 13 and 15 g/L respectively for 40 d, the fish grew normally. When growth was below concentrations (5 g/L), group 8 g/L was inhabited, and survival rate of group 11 g/L was (93%).Under alkalinity in the medium concentrations of NaHCO_3 of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 g/L for (60 d,) the growth rates with both groups of alkalinity 0.5 g/L (6.47 mmol/L)and 1.00 mmol/L)increased by 5.5% and 7.55% compared with the control(1.47 mmol/L); the fish grew normally in the medium of alkalinity 2 g/L((23.65 mmol/L)); the growth rate of group 3 g/L(32.20 mmol/L)decreased, and mortality rate was (5%.) The mortality rate of group 4 g/L(44.98 mmol/L)reached 100%. Tolerance of fish to pH ranged from 4.5 to 10.1. Experiment on accumulated influence of salinity and alkalinity showed that Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis could grow normally in water of 0.5% salinity and (23.65 mmol/L) alkalinity (pH 9.2). The above results indicate that Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis is suitable to live in brakishwater.