阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)环境行为与环境效应

Environmental behavior and effect of anionic surfactant (LAS)

由于直链烷基苯磺酸盐 (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates,L AS)的广泛运用 ,LAS成为环境中最常见的具有代表性的一类有机污染物 ,其环境行为与环境效应也受到普遍的关注。尽管许多研究表明 ,目前的 L AS使用水平对大多数生物来说是安全的 ,但也有研究表明 L AS在低浓度条件下对鱼类产生慢性毒性。同时 L AS对生物的伤害机理也不十分清楚 ,因此 LAS的伤害机理和毒性效应的临界值尚需进一步探讨。 L AS在不同环境中的吸附、沉降和生物降解等迁移转化行为十分复杂 ,但对于其在环境中的吸附机制和影响因素尚难以得到一致结论 ,而对于生物降解过程中的中间代谢产物的成分。

The present research aims to give a general research survey of the environmental behavior and effect of LAS due to spread utilization for the time being. As we know, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) is a kind of organic pollutants that is most familiar and representative as to its environmental behavior and effect of LAS. Although the researches show that the utilizing level of LAS is relatively safe to majorities of organism at present, but chronic toxicity came to being for the fish in the low concentration of LAS, and injury mechanism of LAS is not clear. Injury mechanism and crisis value of toxicity effect of LAS need to be further studied. Since the absorption, sedimentation and biological degradation of LAS in the environment are very complicated, it is not easy to generalize the mechanism and influential factors of absorption. However, the main component, behavior and toxicity of products formed in the biodegradation have already received rather profound research.