心理干预对产妇产后抑郁及儿童心理发育影响的初步探讨

Psychological Intervention on Postpartum Depression and Mental Growth of Infants

目的 :探讨防治产后抑郁、促进儿童心理发育的方法和效果。方法 :在围产期门诊按单、双号随机将首诊妊娠妇女分为实验组和对照组 ,对实验组 2 16名孕妇进行系统心理保健 ,包括产前、产后集体心理卫生宣教、产后情绪监测、综合性心理治疗等心理干预措施 ,对对照组 183名孕妇进行一般保健。分别采用Zung氏抑郁自评量表 (SDS)定期监测两组妇女的情绪问题 ,用丹佛智能发育筛查表 (DDST)监测两组儿童的智能发育 ,用Achenbach儿童行为量表 (CBCL2～ 3岁家长用 )评价儿童的行为发育。结果 :实验组比对照组产妇产后不同时期的抑郁状态的发生率 (χ2 =40 3 5～ 4 81,P均 <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)和抑郁症的患病率 (3 7% / 10 3 8% ,χ2 =7,P <0 0 1)均低 ,差异有显著性。两组儿童各年龄阶段DDST结果可疑和异常的发生率 (χ2 =6 8～ 4 6,P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)差异显著。两组儿童 2岁时行为问题发生率 ,经统计学检验均具有显著性差异 (χ2 =16 3 ,P <0 0 1) ,儿童行为部分因子分之间有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :提示在儿童心理保健门诊对妇女进行有计划有目的的心理健康教育、情绪评定和及时的综合心理治疗 ,有利于防治产后抑郁及促进儿童心理发育。

Ojective:To study the effect and method of psycholoy intervention on postpartum depression promoting children mental growth.Methods:216 pregnant women received system mental care for one’ s health wesupervised two growp of women’ s emotions by Zung SDS, Supervised two group of children’ s intelligent growth by DDST, appraised clildren conduct growth by BCL.Results: The incidences have marked difference between postpartumdepression condition and postpartum depression ,between dubions and abnormal DDST result, it’ s also in two yearsold abnormal conduct incidence. Conclusion:It’ s very important on prevention and caring postpartum depression promoting children mental growth;if pregnant women could be given mental health education emotion evaluation and comprehensive psyclotherapy.