大花金鸡菊白粉菌重寄生菌——宿白粉菌的生物学特性研究

Biological Characteristics of Ampelomyces quisqualis Hyperparasite on Tickseed Powdery Mildew

大花金鸡菊白粉病菌棕丝单囊壳(Sphaerothecafusca)的重寄生菌—宿白粉菌(AmpelomycesquisqualisCes.)在PSA,OA和PDA培养基上生长良好,以PSA最好,而在A＆HA和Czapek上生长较差,且在Richard上不产孢;菌丝生长和产孢适温20～25℃,适宜pH值4～9,光照促进产孢,而黑暗有利于菌丝生长。对碳源的利用,菌丝生长和干重以甘露醇、水解乳糖等6种碳源为好,甘露醇最佳,淀粉最差;产孢以葡萄糖、蔗糖和果糖为好,葡萄糖最佳。对氮源的利用,菌丝生长及干重以蛋白胨和酵母膏为好,酵母膏最好;产孢以酵母膏最好。孢子萌发适宜温度10～25℃,相对湿度65%～100%和水滴中均能萌发,其中水滴中萌发率最高,低于50%不萌发。最适pH值5～7,pH低于2和pH高10于孢子不萌发。光照对孢子萌发有促进作用。

The hyperparasite(Ampelomyces quisqualis Ces.) of tickseed powdery mildew(Sphaerotheca fusca) could produce spores and grow on PSA, OA and PDA, among them PSA was the best. The mycelia grew badly on A & HA and Czapek, and no spores produced on Richard medium. The optimal temperature and pH value were 20-25℃ and 4-9, respectively. Light promoted sporulation and germination while darkness advanced mycelia growth. There were six kinds of carbon sources including mannitol and hydrolazed lactose, which were better for the mycelium growth and air-dried weight, mannitol was the best and soluble starch was the worst. Among glucose, sucrose and fructose, glucose was the best for sporulation. As to nitrogen sources, peptone and yeast extract were better for mycelia growth, air-dried weight and sporulation. The optimal temperature and relative humidity for spore germination were at 10～25℃ and 65%～100% respectively, but the best in water drop. The spore could not germinate below 50%RH. The optimal pH value was 5～7, The spore could not germinate at pH lower than 2 or higher than 10.