膨胀型类磷酸酯蜜胺盐阻燃剂的合成及应用研究

Study on the Preparation and Application of Intumescent Flame Retardants Containing Various Phosphates Melamine Salt

以双季戊四醇(DPE)、五氧化二磷、水和三聚氰胺为原料,合成了膨胀型环状类磷酸酯蛮胺盐阻燃 剂。通过实验提出了合成该阻燃剂的最佳反应条件为:双季戊四醇(DPE)、五氧化二磷、水和三聚氰胺反应物 料摩尔配比为1／2.5／2.0／3.45、反应时间4h和反应温度120℃。红外吸收图谱分析表明该阻燃剂具有环状 结构,在热重分析和差热分析中该阻燃剂显示出优异的热稳定性和很高的成碳性。以该阻燃剂掺入聚丙烯 中,阻燃效果显著,经测试阻燃聚丙烯的极限氧指数(LOI)为33.6,烟密度等级(SDR)为44.25,通过了 UL94V-0级。

One intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing various phosphates melamine salt was synthesized from dipentaerythritol (DPE), phosphoric pentoxide, water, and melamine. IFR was synthesized under optimal reaction conditions with molar ratio of dipentaerythritol (DPE), phosphoric pentoxide, water, and melamine 1/2. 5/2. 0/3. 45, for 4 h at 120℃. IR analysis show that IFR is in the form of bicyclic structure. Excellent thermal stability and char forming characteristics of IFR were indicated by TGA and DTA. Polypropylene added with this IFR possessed excellent flame resistance properties. The experiment results show that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) , smoke density rank (SDR), and UL-94 of flame retarded PP are 33. 6, 44. 25,and UL94V-0.