内蒙古奈曼旗草原退化机理与恢复对策

Derivation of Grassland Degradation and Restoration Strategy in Naiman County of Inner Mongolia

研究奈曼旗近 4 0年 (196 4 - 2 0 0 3)的气候变化及近 5 6年 (194 7- 2 0 0 2 )牲畜头 (只 )数的变化 ,综合分析该地区草原退化的根本原因。结果表明 :草原退化是气候变化和人类活动共同胁迫的结果。人类活动 ,特别是不合理的畜牧业生产方式 ,是导致草原生态系统劣变的主要因素 ,气候变化则加剧了劣变的程度。据此 ,提出了恢复退化草原生态系统的有效措施 ,即控制人口数量 ,加强农牧民生产技术培训 ,大力推行禁牧舍饲 。

This paper discusses the climate changes of Naiman county, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in the past forty years(1964-2003), and the increase of animals raised in the last 56 years(1947-2002), in addition to the basic reasons that cause the grassland degradation in the area. Climate changes and human activities, more particularly, the irrational animal industry production system, lead to the excessive degradation of the grassland ecosystem. The paper also presents effective measures to restore the regressive grassland, such as controlling the growth of population, promoting the practice of rest-rotation grazing, and raising animals in the stockyard. Moreover, enlightening farmers and herds people with advanced farming and stock-raising technologies is also important in promoting the comprehensive social and economic development of the area.