简单合并立法就可以吗?——评民法典草案第84条船舶碰撞法律适用规范

Is Simple Incorporated Legislation Enough? ——comment on Chinese civil code Article 84

船舶碰撞是典型的海上侵权行为 ,其原因的复杂性和后果的严重性都超出了一般民法所调整的范围 ,所以各国海商法中都有专门的章节调整船舶碰撞法律关系。但各国碰撞实体法在船舶外延、碰撞种类、赔偿范围等方面都有较大的不同 ,而国际上有关碰撞的公约及其调整范围都非常有限 ,所以涉外船舶碰撞准据法的确定仍有赖于各国冲突规范的指引。通过考察部分国家冲突规范和有关国际公约的规定 ,比较我国民法典草案第 84条涉外船舶碰撞法律适用条款 ,分析该条款存在的问题 。

Collision between vessels is a kind of typical maritime torts. Many countries have special vessels collision law. But there are some differences between various vessel collision laws. If the vessels collision has foreign factors, which law should be applied relies on conflict rules. Through analyzing conflict rules of some countries, comparing Chinese civil code Article 84,some problems are pointed out and legislative suggestions are set out.