大学生的情绪障碍特征

Characteristics of emotional disorder of college students

目的:探讨学生的情绪障碍及影响因素。方法:采用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自编大学生心理健康状况调查表对463名学生进行情绪障碍调查研究,其中一年级120人,二年级105人,三年级120人,四年级118人;通过SDS,SAS量表测定具有焦虑和抑郁倾向的阳性人数,同时具体分析阳性学生在各因素上的得分。结果:大学生中抑郁发生率为26.57%,焦虑的发生率为15.55%,均随年级升高而升高;在抑郁的学生中,感觉学习压力大、自尊心受伤害、学校不理解的比例随年级的升高而增大,具有显著性差异(F=3.547,P<0.05);由大学生自己列出3项使自己最感苦恼的问题,发现排在前5位的问题依次为学习考试压力大,经济拮据,恋爱苦恼,人际交往困难,分配担忧,其中分配担忧随年级的升高而升高。结论:有少部分大学生存在情绪障碍;大学生的情绪障碍受到学习压力大、自尊心受到伤害、校方不理解等因素影响,。

AIM: To probe into college students' emotional disorder and influencing factors. <METHODS: Self rating depressive scale,self rating anxiety scale and self made university student's mental hygiene state questionnaire was performed in 463 students for investigation of emotional disorder.There were 120 students of grade one, 105 of grade two, 120 of grade three and 118 of grade four.The positive number of students having tendency to anxiety and depression was measured,and simultaneously the scores on the influencing factors for positive students were analyzed.<RESULTS: The incidence rates of depression and anxiety in the college students were 26.57% and 15.55% ,respectively,which were increased with the grades.Among the depressive students,the proportion that students felt that learning pressure was heavy,self esteem was injured and the school could not understand them,was increased with the upgrade.There was significant difference(F=3.547,P< 0.05).The previous five problems of the most afflictive problems which were put forward by college students themselves were uptightness, love anguish,difficulty in personal communication,afraid of employment,and the latter one was strengthened with the upgrade. <CONCLUSION: Some college students have emotional disorder,which result from heavy learning pressure,injury to self esteem and non understanding by the school,and other influencing factors.