无机复合阻燃填料在软质聚氯乙烯中的应用研究

Application of Inorganic Composite Flame-retardant Filler in Flexible PVC

研究了以Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、煅烧高岭土、白炭黑为主要组分的无机复合阻燃填料(TFR1)填充软质聚氯乙烯(PVC)的阻燃性能、力学性能,并与其他无机阻燃填料进行了比较。结果表明:TFR1填充软质PVC的氧指数可达37.2%,阻燃性优于Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2等阻燃填料;TFR1使PVC在较宽的温度范围内发生降解,失重速率降低,热失重减少,残炭量增加,有利于阻燃和消烟。经超细粉碎、表面改性和复配制备的TFR1在PVC基体中分散均匀,增强了与PVC的界面相互作用,从而使体系的力学性能明显提高。

The flame-retardance, mechanical properties of flexible PVC filled with an inorganic composite flame-retardant filler(TFR1), which was prepared mainly from aluminum hydroxide(Al(OH)_3), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)_2), calcined kaolin and precipitated silica (SiO_2·nH_2O), were studied. Results show that the TFR1/PVC system has superior flame-retardance with an oxygen index up to 37.2%. The PVC filled with TFR1 may thermally degradate within a wide range of temperature, its mass loss rate decreases, and char residue increases, thus facilitating flame retardation and smoke suppression. The TFR1 prepared by ultrafine grinding, surface-modifying and compounding can well-dispersed in PVC and increase the interaction with PVC, thus the mechanical properties of system can be improved notably.