当前大学作文教学现状反思——兼论作文教学中学生思维能力的培养

Reflection on the Present Teaching of Composition in Colleges——Also on developing students’thinking ability in the teaching of composition

若干年来 ,大学作文教学一直是将作文作为一门技能加以传授的。不可否认 ,写作技能的传授对学生作文水平的提高有一定的帮助 ,但是 ,应该看到 ,这种纯技能的传授往往使众多学生在作文时表现出“一题当前 ,思路齐聚”的一般化现象 ,很难将学到的理论有效地运用到实践中去。少数作文水平较高的学生并非是首先得益于作文技能的指导 ,而是得益于思想的成熟。技巧的运用必须依赖于思想的成熟与深刻 ,辅之以丰富的阅读积累和娴熟的语言能力。因此 ,大学作文教学首先应重视对学生进行富于人文意识的思维能力的培养。这是激活思想 ,产生文章之源的重要前提。

For many years, composition for college students has been taught as a technique. It is true that the teaching of the technique of writing helps students to impr ove their writing. But this kind of pure technique teaching usually helps to lim it the students’ thinking to a particular topic. It is difficult for them to ef fectively put into practice the theories they have learned. Actually, those stud ents who can write well do not benefit from the technique guidance but from thei r matured state of thinking. The application of technique should rely on the mat urity and deepness of thinking, supported by a rich reading accumulation and an ability of skilful language use. Therefore, in the teaching of writing in colleg es the teacher should pay attention to the fostering of students’ humanistic th inking ability. This is an important prerequisite to activating thinking and to good composition.