生物质垃圾转化为生态肥料的水热技术试验研究

Experimental Research on Converting Biomass Waste into Bio- fertilizer by Hydrothermal Treatment

在2L的高压反应釜中,利用水热技术,对甘蔗渣、树叶和菜皮3种生物质垃圾的转化产物和机理进行了研究。结果表明,在反应温度为140℃～260℃、反应时间为1～4h、催化剂为Na2CO3的条件下,生物质转化得到的产物中含有大量的腐植酸物质。此外,研究了温度、时间和催化剂等条件对产物中腐植酸物质的含量的影响,并对产物中的含氧基团进行了测定。通过比较发现,在温度为160℃、时间为1.5h的条件下,固态产物中的腐植酸含量能达到45%左右。这类腐植酸物质可以作为生态肥料,具有良好的肥效和经济价值。

Since the conversionn of biomass waste into a new kind of resource has high value added, this study mainly concentrated on how to transform biomass waste( such as bagasses, leaves and vegetable castoffs) into bio- fertilizer by hydrothermal treatment. Through IR analysis for the transforming product, it was found that contained large quantity of humic acids that had high fertilizer efficiency and economic benefits. The influence of temperature, holding time and catalyst on the quality and performance of humic acids produced was also revealed elementarily. Biomass waste degraded and reformed into humic acids with carboxyl, hydroxyl and so on under high pressure and catalyzer. The optimal reaction parameters were temperature:160 ℃ ～ 180 ℃ , holding time:1～ 2 h, catalyzer: Na2CO3. The content of humic acids reached 45% at 160℃ and holding time 1.5 h.The produced humic acids could be used as a high- efficiency fertilizer. Hydrothermal treatment would have a bright market future in biomass waste disposal.