上海市长宁区未婚流动人口的避孕措施使用状况及其影响因素

Contraceptive Use and Impact Factors among Unmarried Young Migrant of Changning District,Shanghai

目的:了解未婚流动人口的避孕措施使用状况及其影响因素。方法:采用结构式匿名问卷对上海市长宁区新泾镇1092名15～24周岁未婚流动人口的性与生殖健康知识、态度、行为和避孕措施使用状况等进行调查。结果:有22.6%的对象自我报告有性经历,男女性经历比例分别为34.8%和12.7%。9.4%的对象曾经怀孕或使其性伴怀孕,男女分别为13.7%和6.0%。其中,1/3的对象或其性伴有过2次及2次以上的妊娠。怀孕的主要原因为未避孕(54.4%)。仅7.3%的对象坚持每次性生活都使用避孕措施,21.1%的对象从未使用过避孕措施。59.8%的对象首次性行为时未使用避孕措施。使用最多的避孕方法为避孕套(76.4%),其次是口服避孕药(34.4%)、安全期(33.3%)和体外排精(30.3%)。避孕药具主要来源于药店(60.5%)。不避孕或未坚持使用避孕的主要原因是因为“偶尔的性生活不会怀孕(36.7%)”、“通常性生活是在无思想准备情况下发生(24.0%)”“不懂得避孕(17.5%)”及“不好意思买/要避孕药具(16.2%)”等。多因素分析结果提示,月平均收入较高、在上海居住时间较短、避孕知识得分较高者避孕使用频率较高;文化程度较高、服务行业职工、避孕知识得分较高、与媒体接触较多者避孕套使用比例较高。结论:未婚流动人口的避孕措施使用率低,提高他们的避孕知识水?

Objective: To understand the situation of contraceptive use and the impact factors among unmarried migrant young people. Method: A total of 1 092 unmarried migrant youth aged 15-24 in Xinjing Town of Changning District, Shanghai, were recruited in a cross-sectional, anonymous and questionnaire-based survey, where information on subjects’ sexual and reproductive health knowledge, attitude toward sex-related issues, sexual and contraceptive behaviors, and needs on sexual and reproductive health education and services were collected. Results: A proportion of 22.6% of the respondents (male: 34.8%, female: 12.7%) were sexually active. Totally 9.4% of the respondents or their female partners had experienced pregnancy, the ration for male was 13.7%, and for female was 6.0%. Among them, one third had two or more than two pregnancies. The main reason for the pregnancy was nonuse of contraception (54.4%). Only 7.3% of sexuallyactive subjects used contraceptives at every intercourse, 21.1% never used contraceptives and 59.8% didn’t use contraceptives at their first intercourse. The most commonly used contraceptive method was condom (76.4%), followed by O.C. (34.4%), rhythm (33.3%) and withdrawal (30.3%). The important source of the contraceptives mentioned was pharmacies (60.5%). The main reasons for nonuse or discrete use of contraception included “thought occasional sex could not result in pregnancy (36.7%)”“sex intercourse happened unexpectedly, and no contraceptives were prepared (24.0%)”, , “lack of awareness of contraception (17.5%)” and “be embarrassed to buy/get contraceptives (16.2%)”, etc. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that those who has higher income, stayed shorter in Shanghai, had more contraceptive knowledge were more commonly to use contraceptives; those who were better educated, were shop/restaurant employees, had more contraceptive knowledge and were more exposed to media were more likely to use condom. Conclusion: The contraceptive use among unmarried migrant young people was low. It is very necessary to increase their awareness of contraceptive and accessibility to contraceptive service.