论纳博科夫的文学观

On Nabokov's Concept of Literature

纳博科夫把伟大的文学作品称为童话,强调文学的想象性和魔力,认为这种魔力既渗透在欺骗性的叙述技巧及语言中,也表现在文本的细节里。通过将普希金、果戈理等现实主义作家创造性地解释为非现实主义作家,纳博科夫为自己确认了可倚赖的文学传统,使"文学即童话"的理论植根于深厚的民族文学土壤。他对幻想性的推崇既是象征主义影响的结果,也是个人生活遭遇所致。因为并不拒绝深邃的道德内涵,他的文学观念与"为艺术而艺术"又有着根本区别。

According to Nabokov, all great literary works are fairy tales. Nabokov lays the emphasis on the literary fantastic property and the magic elements, which permeate the deceitful narration and language as well as details in a text. By interpreting some realistic writers such as Pushkin and Gogol as nonrealistic ones, he has established the reliable literary traditions for his creation and made the theory of literature is fairy tales' deeply rooted in Russian literary history. His high esteem of fantasy is the result of both the influence of symbolism and the impact of his life experiences. Nabokov's literary idea is radically different from the idea of art for art's sake' because of his acceptance of the significant morality in literature.