记下历史转身的瞬间——解读南非当代小说家库切的小说《耻》

A Snapshot of the South African History:an Analysis of Disgrace by John Maxwell Coetzee

南非当代白人作家、2003年诺贝尔文学奖获得者库切是一个具有双重乃至多重文化品格的作家,南非的本土文化和欧美文化都在他身上留下了烙印,这种独特的文化品格使得他在创作小说《耻》时采用了一种特殊的叙事策略和叙事视角。从叙事策略上来看,这部小说既立足于再现当代南非生活,又在表现的深度上超越了纯粹南非现实生活的羁绊。从叙事的视角来看,他借对作品的主人公卢里———一个白人殖民者后裔在生活中所遭遇的窘境的描写,力图真实地记录南非消除种族隔离这个特殊的历史变革带给人们的生活和观念上的改变和冲击,其中一个个瞬间的生命感受组成了一种特殊的历史质感。

John Maxwell Coetzee, the contemporary white South African and Nobel Prize Winner for Literature in 2003, is one of the few writers who are blessed with two or even multiple cultural identities. Imprinted with both the South African culture and the European-American culture, his novel Disgrace adopts a particular narration strategy and perspective. In terms of narration strategy, though firmly grounded on the life experiences in South Africa, the novel is free of the bounds and obstacle inherent in the South African realities. As to narration perspective, it gives an account of the various difficulties and hardships experienced by David Luries, the hero and a descendant of the white colonists, in an effort to offer an authentic portrait of the changes and collisions in people's life and concept during the special historical period of anti-apartheid. Each of the snapshots of passing events constitutes a peculiar sense of history.