儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌的耐药性分析

Antimicrobial resistance of 160 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae from children

目的 :了解苏州地区儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌 (Hi)的耐药情况及 β内酰胺酶的检出率 ,以指导临床合理用药。 方法 :对16 0株分离自儿童患者的Hi用K B法进行药敏试验 ,头孢硝噻吩显色法进行 β内酰胺酶测定。 结果 :本地区儿童感染的Hi对氨苄西林、复方磺胺甲唑、四环素、氯霉素、红霉素、头孢克洛和环丙沙星的耐药率分别为 15 .6 %、5 3.8%、34.4 %、14 .4 %、2 .5 %、1.3%和 0 .6 % ;β内酰胺酶的检出率为 16 .3% ,无明确 β内酰胺酶阴性耐氨苄西林Hi (BLNAR)发现。 结论 :本地区儿童感染Hi的耐药情况不容乐观 ,且多重耐药的菌株较多 ,并有对头孢克洛的耐药趋势 ,临床医师对此应予重视。头孢曲松、环丙沙星和阿奇霉素对该菌的抗菌活性较高 。

Objective: To investigate the resistance a nd p revalence of beta-lactamase in Haemophilus influenzae isolated from childre n patients with infection for the reasonable use of antibiotics. Meth o ds: Kirby-Bauer disc method was used for susceptibility tests of the isolates. Nitrocefin was used to detect beta-lactamase of the isolates. Results: The resistance rates of H. influenzae isolates to amp i cillin, TMP-SMZ, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, cefaclor, and cip rofloxacin were 15.6%, 53.8%, 34.4%, 14.4%, 2.5%, 1.3% and 0.6% respectively . Beta-lactamase was positive in 16.3% of the strains tested. No beta-lactamas e-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) H. influenzae was found. Conclusions: The resistance of H. influenzae isolated from chil d ren patients is high with a number of multi-resistance strains in this area. Ce ftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin have good antibacterial activity again st this organism. [