乙烯利-甲哌鎓复配剂对夏玉米生育及产量的影响

Effects of Mixture of Ethephon and Mepiquat Chloride on Growth and Yield of Summer Corn

在玉米大喇叭口期叶面喷施乙烯利 -甲哌复配剂 ,能起到改善株型结构、促进同化物分配转运和提高产量的综合效果。具体表现为 :1)增加气生根数和根系干重 ;2 )缩短节间长度、增加茎粗 ,降低株高和穗位高 ,提高茎粗系数 ;3)促进灌浆初期同化物向根系分配、灌浆中期在地上部营养器官内积累、灌浆后期向产量器官转运 ,并有利于玉米提早成熟 ;4 )提高双穗率、增加穗数 ,减少秃尖、增加行粒数 ,显著提高玉米单产。上述结果表明 ,乙烯利 -甲哌复配剂能起到防止倒伏、提早成熟的作用 。

Ethephon and mepiquat chloride were mixed and then used for investigation of effects on the growth and yield of summer corn cv. 3315 in 1996. The mixed compound was sprayed at floret differentiation stage, and the related characteristics were determined. The treatment of the mixed compound raised the nodal root number and root dry weight, especially the brace-root number and dry weight, shortened the internode length, increased the stem thickness, decreased the plant height and ear position height, raised index of stem diameter to height, accelerated (assimilates) partitioning to roots during early grain-filling period, accumulating in shoot organs during middle grain-filling period, and transporting to yield organs during late grain-filling period which is beneficial to earlier maturation, and increased percentage of double ears, decreased (percentage) of ineffective plants and bare part of ears, which resulted in more ears and grain (numbers) per ear and good productivity. Thus, application of the mixture of ethephon and mepiquat chloride could reduce plant lodging, accelerate earlier maturation and avoid low (temperature) damaging in early autumn. It is valuable to popularize and apply in northern and western China.