橡胶高产综合技术开发试验十年总结报告

A SUMMARY REPORT OF DEVELOPING INTEGRATED HIGH-YIELDING AGRONOMIC PRACTICES FOR MATURE BUDDINGS OF HEVEA

华南热带作物研究院于1982年开始,与海南省国营卫星农场合作进行“成龄橡胶芽接树高产综合技术的开发试验”,面积128.8hm^2,历时10年。高产综合技术措施包括:(1)挖沟盖草培肥;(2)营养诊断指导合理施肥;(3)乙烯利刺激高效低频周期割胶;(4)产胶动态分析指导割胶生产。试验结果表明,几项措施产生综合效应,能较大幅度提高产量。试验10年,试区干胶产量从试验前1149kg提高到1621.5kg/hm^2,而对照区则从1104kg下降至952.5kg;试区平均年增产干胶630kg/hm^2,增产率达63.6％。该技术的应用对胶树的生长量、死皮等副性状无明显不良影响。

An experiment has beert conducted for ten years to develop integrated high yielding agronomic practices for mature buddings of Hevea by South China Academy of Tropical Crops and weixing State Farm of Hainan Province since 1982, with an experimental area of 128.8 ha. The integrated agronomic practices include:(1) Ditching, mulching and applying manures;(2) Applying fertilizers by ways of nutrient diagnosis and recommendation;(3) Using periodic low frequency tapping systems with ethrei stimulation;(4) Tapping according to the physiological analysis of the rubber tree.The results show that the integrated agronomic practices produced a integrated effect and raised dry rubber yield to a large extent. During 1982-1991, annual dry rubber yield was promoted from 1149 kg/ha to 1621.5 kg/ha, whereas the annual yield from the control declined from 1104kg/ha to 952.5kg/ha. The increase in dry yield reached 630kg/ha with a percentage yield increase of 63.6%. By using such practices, no significantly adverse effects were observed on the secondary characteristics of the rubber tree: such as growth and bark dryness.