西安地裂成因与地震

Cause of Ground Rupture in Xi'an and Earthquake

西安地裂是地质和人为作用共同造成的一种重大的城市环境地质灾害。目前发育的 11条活动地裂已给西安的城市规划带来了不少麻烦 ,同时也给城市建设带来了许多隐患。地裂的破坏活动日益加剧 ,从而引起社会各方面的极大关注。本文在对西安地区地裂的主要分布与力学特征调查研究的基础上 ,着重对地裂的构造成因以及地裂与地震活动的关系进行了探讨。分析表明 :过量地开采地下水以及地表水的大量渗漏 ,地震大区域的构造活动等都能加大地裂的活动速率或引起地裂的突发性活动 ,从而显著地放大地裂形成的灾害。同时 ,由于地裂的存在及形成又使得在地震时耗散更多的能量 。

Ground rupture in Xi'an, a kind of urban environmental and geological disaster, is caused by geological reason and human beings behavior, causing the big trouble to urban planning and construction. On the basis of looking into the distribution of ground rupture and the mechanical characteristics, the geological cause of ground rupture and the relation between rupture and earthquake have been analyzed. The results show that the excessive use of ground water and the abundant seepage of surface water, and the large area of geological activities can accelerate the velocity of rupture activity to amplify the disaster of ground rupture. On the other hand, because the ground rupture can absorb abundant energy during earthquake, the earthquake impact on the ground will be consequently reduced.