两个特用稻的营养供应水平与^(32)P、^(14)C分布和谷产量的关系

EFFECTIVENESS UNDER CONDITION OF NPK LEVELS ON DISTRIBUTION OF 32~P, 14~C AND GRAIN YIELD OF ODOROUS RICE AND DARK PERICARP RICE (ENDICA RICE)

香稻(竹香粘)的分蘖数多,其分蘖期根系吸收^(32)P和^(32)P分布到分蘖,以高、中肥和高N,高K肥处理的为高;^(14)C-葡萄糖同化物分布在分蘖比黑米稻(黑优粘)和常规稻“双桂36”的高,但灌浆期和黄熟期^(14)C分布在稻穗较少.低肥处理的稻谷产量较高.而在高、中肥条件下结实率降低,实粒数减少,成穗率稍低,谷产量也比“黑优粘”和“双桂36”低. “黑优粘”在高肥、高N条件下的分蘖多,成穗率高、结实粒数也较多,稻谷产量比“竹香粘”高,在高、中肥、高 N高 P条件下,^(32)P分布于分蘖多,分蘖的^(14)C分布则以高 N,高 K肥条件下的多;开花和灌浆用稻穗的^(14)C分布皆以高 K肥水平的为高。“黑优粘”是耐肥和需钾肥品种,高肥、高K可提高其稻谷产量,但仍比“双桂36”低.

Under conditions of various levels of N,P,K with 0,0,0, 2,2,2, 4,4,4 and 4,2,2, 2,4,2, 2,2,4 grams, supplied in soil of per pot (vol. 10 L.) before transplanting, the tiller number, grain yield and 32P, I4C distribution in three rice varieties 'Zhu-Xiang-ZhantZXZ),'Hei-You-Zhan(H YZ) and common rice cultivar 'Shuang - GUI-36'(SG36) were studied. Odorous rice 'ZXZ'had more tiller number at every level of NPK and its roots absorbed more 32P which concentrated in tillers under the conditions of high, middle levels of NPK and N or K high level, while the distribution of the assimilated 14C in tillers was more than that of the dark pericarp rice 'HYZ' and 'SG36'. But, the 'ZXZ' appeared less 'C in panicle at milky and yellow ripe stage which had less filled grain percent, filled grain number, effective panicle number and grain yield than the 'HYZ' at the low level of NPK. Dark pericarp rice 'HYZ' had higher tiller number, effective panicle number, filled grain percent as compared with 'ZXZ' at high level of NPK and high N condition. 'P and 14C distribution in tillers of 'HYZ' under high level of NPK, N, P was over that of the 'ZXZ' .At the flowering and milky stage of 'HYZ', the 14C distribution to the panicle at high K level was higher than that at high N and high P levels. Dark pericarp rice 'HYZ' could be considered to be high response to high level of NPK and K, as it had high grain yield but lower than that of the 'SG36'.