热带海洋变异对东亚季风的影响

Impact of Sea Temperature Variability of Tropical Oceans on East Asian Monsoon

风主要是由于海陆热力差异随季节的变化所造成。热带海洋温度具有显著的年际异常 ,热带海温的变异不仅可以通过改变海陆热力差异 ,而且也通过热带地区强烈的海气相互作用 ,对季风系统产生重要影响 ,造成季风区天气和气候的异常。回顾了发生在热带东太平洋 (ENSO现象 )、热带西太平洋暖池和热带印度洋海温的变异对东亚季风的影响及其影响的物理过程 ,并指出东亚季风与这些热带区域的海温变异是一个有机的整体 ,只有对它们进行综合的研究 ,才能真正认识它们之中任一部分的变化。

The seasonal variation of the thermal contrast between land and sea is the most important reason for the formation of monsoon. The prominent interannual variability of sea temperature in tropical oceans can affect the monsoon both through altering the thermal contrast between land and sea and through strong air-sea interaction in the tropics. A review about the studies of influences of sea temperature in tropical eastern Pacific (ENSO), western Pacific Warm Pool and tropical Indian Ocean on the East Asian monsoon, respectively, and physical processes of such influences is given. It is pointed out that the variability of the East Asian monsoon and that of the sea temperature in these tropical oceans are coherent. A synthetic study is needed for fully understanding the variability of either the East Asian monsoon or the sea temperature in these tropical oceans.