神经干细胞研究进展及临床前景展望

Progress and Clinical Perspective of Neural Stem Cells

神经组织和其他组织一样具有补充、修复的能力。迄今为止 ,已在人和多种动物中枢神经系统中发现了神经干细胞。它是神经系统发育过程中保留下来的有持续自我更新和多向分化潜能的原始细胞 ,能产生神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞等多种神经组织细胞。神经干细胞的形态、位置和表面标志已被初步认识 ,分离培养技术日趋成熟 ,对其调控机制、迁移特性的研究进一步深入 ,外源性神经干细胞移植治疗和内源性神经干细胞激活疗法等临床试验也已展开。神经干细胞必将随着认识的不断深入而在更广阔的临床领域发挥更大的作用。

Neural Stem Cells(NSCs) have been the most im portant discovery and a new focus in neuroscience in recent years. NSCs can be d ifferentiated into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, etc. The fact that neurons can derive from NSCs in the adult brain changed the traditional concepti on. The review focuses on the configuration, location and markers of NSCs, illus trates its isolation, cultivation, migration and mechanism of proliferation and differentiation. Then we discuss the progress of the clinical treatment with NSC s. In the future, the clinical application of NSCs will become broader and deepe r.