几种脊椎动物宽频带心电图波形与心电向量环特点的比较

The Comparative Study on Wide Frequency Band Electrocardiogram and Electrocardiac Vector Loop in Several Vertebrates

对小鼠、家鸽、蟾蜍、鲫鱼4种脊椎动物宽频带心电图Ⅱ导联的波形特点及QRS额面心电向量环的位置、形态特点进行了比较研究。结果发现,(1)宽频带心电图Ⅱ导联QRS波群小鼠、蟾蜍、鲫鱼QRS波群的主波均向上,而家鸽的主波向下;(2)QRS波群时程(ms)小鼠88±09,家鸽365±14,蟾蜍790±110,鲫鱼283±57;(3)QRS心电向量环的位置家鸽的位于-90°～-180°象限内,这是家鸽心电图Ⅱ导联QRS波群主波向下的根本原因;小鼠、蟾蜍、鲫鱼的均位于0°～90°象限内,与它们的QRS波群主波向上相一致;(4)QRS心电向量环的形状;小鼠的QRS向量环较其它3种动物的要大,蟾蜍的最小。鲫鱼的不规则,有的呈三角形,有的呈“8”字形,还有的呈半圆形,这是导致鲫鱼的QRS波群出现较多切迹和扭挫的原因。

Wide frequency band ECG of lead Ⅱ and vectorcardiogram in anesthetized mouse, pigeon, toad and crucian were studied.(1)In mouse, toad and crucian, the direction of the main QRS of lead Ⅱ was upstroke, while in pigeon, the direction of QRS complex was inverted. (2) The durations of QRS(ms) were 8 8±0 9 in mouse, 36 5±1 4 in pigeon, 79 0±11 0 in toad, and 28 3±5 7 in crucian. (3) The position of vector loop in the frontal plane of QRS in pigeon was in the quadrant of -90°--180°, which might explain why the pigeon′s main QRS of lead Ⅱ was contrary to other animals. It laid in the quadrant of 0°-90°in mouse, toad and crucian, in accordance with the direction of main QRS of ECG. (4) The vector loop in mouse was the largest among these animals, while the vector loop was the smallest in toad. Additionally, the vector loop in crucian was abnormal, some being triangle, some being “8” like, and some being half round, which might be the reason that there are many notches and slurs on R wave.