成渝两地专业技术人员职业紧张常模的研制

Norm study of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area

目的 研制成渝两地专业技术人员职业紧张常模。方法 根据《中华人民共和国职业分类大典》 ,采用分层与随机抽样相结合的方法 ,选取成渝两地专业技术人员 2 0 6 4例 ,用职业紧张量表修订版 (OSI R)对其进行测试。结果 (1)常模人群中男、女性别比例接近 1∶1,平均年龄 (36 .4±9.4 )岁 ;平均工龄 (15 .9± 10 .0 )年 ,以大学 (专 )文化程度为主 ,占 6 3.0 7% ,已婚者占 80 %以上。 (2 )分别制订了专业技术人员的总体常模、性别常模和职业常模。 (3)总体来看 ,男性较女性的职业任务重 ,紧张反应更为强烈 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;个体应对资源总分两性间的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。(4)不同职业在职业任务与个体紧张反应总分及各子项间的差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;个体应对资源不同职业间的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但子项分析提示社会支持与理性处事两项在不同职业组间的得分差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。 (5 )性别、职业和工龄是影响OSI R问卷结果最多的变量。结论 该常模具有较好的代表性 ,基本能反映成渝两地专业技术人员的职业紧张水平。

Objective To establish the norm of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area. Methods According to the 《Occupation Sorting Canon in the People's Republic of China》,the professionals of the above mentioned area were sorted out and randomly stratified.The normative data were derived from a sample of 2 064 participants.The modified Occupation Stress Inventory Revised Edition(OSI R) was used to test the targets' occupational stress level(including stressors,strain and coping resources). Results (1)In these professionals,the sex ratio was about 1∶1,average age (36.4±9.4) years,average length of service (15.9± 10.0) years,63.07% people were college educated and over 80% married.(2)Descriptive statistics for OSI R scale scores for the total normative sample,for gender samples and for occupational group samples were modulated.(3)The gender norm showed that there were heavier role overload and stronger occupational strains in males than those in females( P <0.01).The score of personal resources in the males was not different from that in females ( P >0.05). (4)In terms of different occupations,the scores of occupational role and personal strain among various groups indicated significant differences( P <0.01).The score of personal resources did not manifest difference ( P >0.05). (5)The major factors influencing OSI R were sex,occupation and length of service. Conclusion The norm established can basically represent the occupational stress on professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area.