对讲机微波辐射强度的调查分析

Studies on the microwave leakage of the interphone

目的 对 2个品牌 4种型号的对讲机微波辐射进行测定研究。方法 使用已校正的国产ML 91型微波漏能测试仪 ,测定 4种型号 199台对讲机的微波辐射强度。结果 发射状态下距离对讲机天线部 5cm处和各部位 5cm处微波漏能平均功率密度分别为 (1316 .0± 14 4 .3)、(971.0± 131.6 )μW/cm2 ,均明显高于待机状态 [分别为 (14 .4± 5 .3)、(13.2± 4 .9) μW/cm2 ],差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。在发射状态下距离对讲机不同部位 5 0cm处微波漏能平均功率密度为 (35 7.3± 2 7.8) μW/cm2 。 4种型号对讲机在发射通话状态下 ,对持机者的头、胸、腹部接触微波漏能平均功率密度日总计量为(94 5 .5±4 4 7.1) μW·h/cm2 ,超过国家作业场所微波辐射卫生标准的日总计量 (40 0 μW·h/cm2 )。结论 对讲机在发射状态的微波漏能明显高于待机状态。对讲机微波漏能以天线部最高。对讲机在发射状态 ,对持机者的头、胸、腹部微波漏能大部分超过国家作业场所微波辐射卫生标准 ,对持机者健康可造成潜在的影响 ,应做好防护工作。

Objective To assay and study the microwave leakage of 4 types of interphones. Methods The radiation intensities of four types of 199 interphones were determined by the microwave leakage measure instrument of model ML 91 made in China. Results The average intensities of microwave leakage at a distance of 5 cm from aerial part and other parts of interphones during launching[(1 316.0±144.3),(971.0±131.6)μW/cm 2 respectively] were significantly higher than during waiting[(14.4±5.3),(13.2±4.9)μW/cm 2 respectively]( P <0.01).The average intensities of microwave leakage at a distance of 50 cm from different parts were(357.3± 27.8) μW/cm 2.The daily average intensity of microwave leakage to which the head,chest and abdomen exposed was(945.5±447.1)μW·h/cm 2 in total,that exceeded the hygienic standard of microwave in China(400 μW·h/cm 2), during the normal communication by interphones. Conclusion The microwave leakage was higher during launching than during waiting,and was the highest at the aerial part of the interphones.The microwave radiation of most interphones was higher than the current national standard.It may lead to potential effects on the owner of interphone,so protection against it should be made.