岷江上游土壤资源的保护性利用

PROTECTIVE UTILIZATION OF SOIL RESOURCES IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE MINJIANG RIVER

岷江上游土地面积24741平方公里,土壤面积20627平方公里。区内土壤垂直分异显著,土壤类型众多,以林地土壤为主,草地土壤居次,耕作土壤甚微,土壤质量差。土壤资源的保护性利用是:加强水利租农田基本建设,精耕细作,增加覆被物,改良土壤,控制林木采伐量和草场载畜量,以促进农林牧业发展。

The upper reaches of the Minjiang River is situated in the transition belt between the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Sichuan Basin. Located within 102°00′-104°00′E and 30°45′-33°10′N,it covers an area of 24,741km2. It is one of the major virgin forest regions in Sichuan Province.In this region, the physical conditions.deteriorated. There are distinct vertical soil belts and various types of soils. The forest soils in temperate zone cover dominantly ,the grassland soils in frigid zone secondly,and the arable land account for a small portion and the soil quality is lower, but the soil area per capita is larger. The major ecological problems,such as vegetation regression, soil erosion,deterioration of hydrogeological conditions,expansion of semi-arid valleys,frequent droughts and floods,appear due to over-felling forests,over-grazing grass,and reclaiming on steep slopes. Tn the light of those, the proper methods are proposed for developing,using,nurturing,and protecting soil resources as follows.1, Strengthen the construction of water conservacny projects and farmland and enlarge the irrigated area. 2. Strengthen the foresty construction to increase the forest coverage. 3. Strengthen the construction and management of grassland to raise grass yield. 4. Speed up development and utilization of water energy resources,substituting electricity for faggot to protect forests. 5. Take the upper reaches of the Minjiang River under th natural protection region as the forest for water conservation,and strengthen the management and protection of soil,water,and forest resources. 6. Strictly control population so as to alleviate the pressure on soil resources and environment.