居住建筑中围护结构节能构造分析

Analysis of energy-saving of building enclosure in residential building

对寒冷地区居住建筑中屋面、外墙、外门窗、楼梯间等围护结构耗能部位的传热耗热进行了计算和分析,找出了居住建筑耗能症结并提出了解决办法。研究结果表明,建筑物的传热耗热量随面宽、进深、建筑物总长度、建筑总高度等因素的变化而变化,在居住建筑节能设计中,除应注意上述影响因素外,更应注意围护结构的传热耗热问题。设计时应注意在屋面、外墙、外门窗、楼梯间等传热耗热部位采取可靠、便于实现的具体构造措施和性能好、便于施工的当地材料。还对节能住宅和非节能住宅的投资进行了经济分析和比较,在投资仅增加4.9%的情况下,实施该文中建议的围护结构节能构造措施,即可满足建设部要求的围护结构节能30%的规定。

The heat transmission capacity and heat consumption were calculated in some residential building including roofing, external wall, external door and window, stair well in Dongying. The investment of the saving dwelling was analyzed. Some methods were brought forward to solve the problem of energy consumption in residential building. The quantity of heat transmission and dissipation is varied with the change of the surface wide,depth,the total length and the height of the building. In the energy-saving design of residential housing, the problems of heat transmission and dissipation in the building enclosure should be considered more. In the part of heat transmission and dissipation of roofing, external wall, external door and window, stair well, the idiographic constructional measures credibility and easy to realized should be taken, and the local materials possessing the good performance and convenient to construction should be used a lot. The energy saved reached 30% in the building enclosure when the total investment increased by 4.9% only using the new energy-saving measures.