水稻控制灌溉模式及其环境多功能性

Controlled Irrigation of Paddy Rice and Environmental Multifunctionality

水稻是我国的主要粮食作物 ,也是耗水量最大的作物 ,实行水稻控制灌溉可以实现高产与节水的统一。而稻田灌溉系统具有环境多功能性 ,包括补充地下水减小地面沉降、防洪、净化水质、净化空气、调节气温、保护生物多样化等几个方面。与传统淹水灌溉相比 ,实行控制灌溉后 ,稻田无水层的田间水分管理必将带来其灌溉系统环境多功能性的变化 。

Paddy rice is a main crop in China with largest water consumption. As control-irrigation of paddy rice is concerned, the high yield can be acquired with less water consumption. The environmental multifunctionality of irrigation and drainage system of paddy rice is well accepted, including groundwater recharge, land subsidence reduction, flood prevention, water and air purification, temperature adjustment, biodiversity maintenance. Compared with flood irrigation, the none-water-layer field water management of controlled irrigation will cause the change of multifunctionality.The study for the changes of the multifunctionality would promote the popularization of water saving irrigation of paddy rice.