以上下文为中心的设计知识管理方法

Context-centered design knowledge management

为了提高设计知识重用的效率,提出了一种以上下文为中心的设计知识管理方法。设计上下文指设计知识被利用的环境,包括当前设计任务和当前设计者的属性。该方法的核心内容有两个方面,即协调-意图-行为三层设计过程建模以及模板和覆盖相结合的设计用户建模。协调层、意图层和行为层分别采用工作流、树形结构和层次自动机表示。在用户建模中,采用用户属性对模板进行分类和匹配,并且基于领域知识体系结构定义模板的内容。该方法利用上下文实现设计知识的主动推荐,可减少重要知识的遗漏和缩短查找时间,不需要对设计知识的内容进行形式化的描述和对知识的格式进行转换,通用性强,实现代价小。

A context-centered design knowledge management technique was proposed to improve reuse efficiency of design knowledge. Design context was defined as application environments of the design knowledge, which included current design task and current designer's attributes. Two essential components were a three-layer design process model comprising collaboration layer, intention layer and behavior layer and a user model combining a stereotype model and an overlay model. Workflow, tree hierarchy and hierarchical automaton were adopted to represent the above-mentioned three layers respectively. In user modeling, model stereotypes were classified and matched according to user properties and template contents would be defined based on domain knowledge architecture. The proposed technique employed context to facilitate the active recommendation of design knowledge items, which reduced negligence of key knowledge items and time to search for them. It offered wide application prospects and low cost of implementation without having to formalize the details of knowledge items or change their original formats.