摘要
本文从现代汉语方言出发,结合近代汉语语法的研究成果,讨论方言中祈使语气词"着"的形成。"着"可分为"着1"和"着2","着1"大多伴随着持续意义,是唐宋以来"着"表祈使用法单一化的结果,它在方言中的保留与西北官话和晋语等方言的陈述句中"VO着"的语序有极大关系。"着2"表先行意义,是"着1"在"(等/先+VP了)+着"结构中进一步语法化的结果。
This article mainly discusses the formation of the imperative mood marker 着 in contemporary Chinese dialects from a synchronic / diachronic perspective. The author argues that the mood marker 着 may have two functions: 1) 着 1, a continuous aspect marker formed as a result of specialization of imperative usage which initiated in the Tang-Song period. The reason of this aspect marker still being used in some dialects of Northwest Mandarin and Jin dialects may be the word order VO 着 in declarative sentence in these dialects. 2) 着, a continuous aspect marker expressing immediate future formed as a result of grammaticalization of 着 1 in the structure (着/着+ VP着) + 着.
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第4期311-323,共13页
Dialect
基金
本文是国家社科基金项目<秦晋两省黄河沿岸方言的现状与历史研究>(02BYY006)的阶段性成果
并得到国家博士后科学基金的资助。
关键词
祈使
现代汉语方言
语气词
晋语
官话
语法化
近代汉语
唐宋
意义
单一化
Chinese dialects, imperative sentence, mood marker 着, continuous aspect marker, continuous aspect marker expressing immediate future, formation
