烟草花叶病、黑胫病、低头黑病产量产值损失估计研究

LOSS ESTIMATES OF TOBACCO LEAF YIELD AND OUTPUT VALUE DUE TO MOSAIC,BLACK SHANK,AND BLACK LOWERING DISEASES

由1989～1991年存山东6个主要产烟县系统调查的结果,建立了3种病害病级(X)对产量损失率(Y_1,%)和产值损失率(Y_2,%)的关系式。Y_1-X 方程分别是:花叶病,Y_1=-4.208+20.882X;黑胫病,Y_1=0.560+14.674X:低头黑病,Y_1=-4.852+24.767X。Y_2-X 方程是:花叶病,Y_2=-3.180+25.110X:黑胫病,Y_2=-0.600+17.750X:低头黑病.Y_2=-3.186+24.190X。由此6个方程分别导出大田产量和产值总体损失指数(TY_1和 TY_2),由根据发病的群体统汁参数建立的用于大田产量和产值实际损失的估计公式(FY_1式和 FY_2式),分别计算出3种病害在大田发病所造成的产量、产值损失估计值。依普查结果和上述方法计算,1989～1991年3年产量总损失(万公斤)分别为:花叶病,1403.2;黑胫病,118.2;低头黑病,55.4;3年产值总损失(万元)是:花叶病,6899.0;黑胫病,310.8;低头黑病,189.4。

The occurrence and damage situation of tobacco mosaic,black shank,and black low- ering diseases in 6 main tobacco producing counties of Shandong Province were investi- gated from 1989 to 1991.Based on the results,two equations of the disease grade to yield loss(Y_1-X)and to output value loss(Y_2-X)for each disease were established.Two general formulas were presented for practical assessment of the disease-caused loss in fields.The es- timates of field practical losses,calculated by FY_1 and FY_2 formulas,were 1403.2,118.2, and 55.4×10~4 kg in total yield(FY_1);and 6899.0,310.8,and 189.4×10~4 yuan in total out- put value(FY_2),caused by tobacco mosaic,black shank,and black lowering diseases,resp.